Why do women live longer than men?

The average age of women is more than men.
According to studies,in the history of human beings,the average age of woman is 5% more than men. But why?
It was thought that men are subject to difficult situations, more work that is why men die earlier. But,today difference between men,women is disappearing,so the difference in age of a man and a woman should have also decreased,but statistics show that this is wrong.
According to research,now it is thought that the difference lies in the genetic structure of men and women.
Men have XY chromosome in their cell and women have XX chromosome. It means that women have an extra copy of each gene in their cells.Therefore, if something goes wrong in any gene,there is a spare for it.Men do not have this.
One other reason for this is that women heartbeat increases in second phase of periods(menses).This is like an exercise and because of this risk of heart diseases decreases.
  But the most important reason is hormone.
Men have testosterone hormone because of which their muscles are strong,their voice is different and they have moustaches.
Because of testosterone,their body during youth is strong,but with age their breakdown starts earlier too and is responsible for heart diseases. Whereas women have estrogen hormone, estrogen has the property of antioxidant, which stops old age problems.
     Why has nature done this injustice? Scientists say,that men's role is limited till women's pregnancy, after that women's role comes in.It is the woman who brings up a child and looks after the child.Therefore, woman's life is longer.

Comparison of OSI and TCP/IP model

Both are based on the concept of a stack of independent protocols. Also,the functionality of layers is roughly similar.
3 concepts are central to OSI model:

1.Services-performs some services for the layer above it,tells what layer does.It defines the layer's semantics.

2.Interfaces-tells processes above it how to access it.

3.Protocols-layer's own business.

The protocols in the OSI model are better hidden than in the TCP/IP model and can be replaced relatively easily as the technology changes.
Data Link Layer originally dealt with point-to-point networks. The committee originally expected that each country would have one network, run by govt. and using OSI protocols, so no thought was given to internetworking.
With TCP/IP the reverse was true:the protocols came first and the model was just a description of existing protocols. The only trouble was that the model did not fit any other protocol sticks.
An obvious difference between the 2 models is the number of layers:the OSI model has 7 layers and the TCP/IP has 4 layers.Both have (inter)network, transport and application layers,but other layers are different.
The OSI model supports both connectionless and connection oriented communication in the network layer.The TCP/IP model has only one mode in the network layer (connectionless)but supports both modes in the transport layer,giving the users a choice.

Gem Stones

Selection of appropriate gem stone is required for a happy and healthy life.

Gem stones may be auspicious or inauspicious. They act like vaccines in preventing diseases.Properties and compositions of precious gem stones are connected with the planets.

  Gem stones have mystical and divine powers.

Corals have protective charm for children.

Ruby acts as an antidote to poison.

Yellow Sapphire expedites delayed marriages of girls.

Kidney stones cure kidney troubles.

Certain gem stones have even the power of warning us of coming disasters by changing colors.

There are certain gem stones that should never be worn together.

Gem stones cure diseases and bring happiness, prosperity.

  Gems are beautiful stones with variety of colors and high density.Their lustre has been attracting people since time immemorial. These precious stones are found all around the world.

   Gem stones are not only attractive, they are also useful for health,fame,prosperity. Ancient kings and princes stored gem stones to add to treasury wealth.Noble ladies wore them to adorn their bodies. They had gem stones set in their jewelry.Some ladies have been blessed with a son after wearing them.Kings got splendid victories in battles after wearing them.Some patients got rid of diseases when they wore them.All this resulted in the gem stones being auspicious and inauspicious.

  Knowledge of using right gem stones at the right time is very helpful to achieve success in every day life.

  According to English Dictionary the meaning of word 'Gem' has been given as-'a precious stone when cut and polished'.

Thus Gem can be called as a thing of outstanding quality, class and beauty.

The rationale of the use of gem stones is to avert evil effect of planets  that is dependent on the colors and vibrations of the planets.Our ancients found that everything in the universe is sensitive of color.Every planet rules over a gem.The color of the planet is reflected on human body through the gem and creates an effect by absorption and reflection of rays and vibrations.The gem acts as filter and produces good or evil effect.

  All the planetary gem stones are highly sensitive and radioactive crystals and can filter out particular rays.Human body is a combination of chemicals,minerals and its proficiency in the body is according to cosmic rays received from planets.The same rays act differently on different individuals because of different human constitutions.It is similar to electricity that works differently on different mechanical equipments giving different effects.

  What is allotted cannot be taken out easily from the shape of constitution but the allotments can be adjusted and evil influences checked by appropriate gem stones.

Energy is nothing but another form of element in wave and ray form.These rays contain all particles of chemicals.The gem stones pick up particular ray wave and transmit it into body where they are transformed into chemicals.As such body starts functioning in right way physically and mentally.

Gem stones are store house of energy that give rise to constructive vibrations against diseases.Malefic power released by the planets is negative whereas power of gem stone

is positive. When negative meet positive, their effect is neutralized.

  Sun's gem is Ruby,Moon's is white Pearl,Mar's is Red Coral,of Mercury is Emerald,Jupiter's is Yellow Sapphire.

  In Western countries, it is very common to wear lucky gem stones.

According to meeting of Jewellers in 1912 in Kansas City,USA,the birth stones are as follows:

Month of birth  Birth stone

Jan.          Garnet

Feb.          Amethyst

Mar.          Aquamarine

April.          Diamond

May.          Emerald

June          Pearl

July.          Ruby

Aug.          Perodot

Sep.          Sapphire

Oct.           Opal,Tourmaline

Nov.          Topaz

Dec.          Turquoise

In West,people wear gem stones according to sees of week:

Sunday - Ruby

Monday - Pearl or Opal

Tuesday - Bloodstone or Amethyst

Wednesday - Jade or Agate

Thursday -Emerald or Sapphire

Friday - Turquoise

Saturday – Onyx

Medicinal use of Gem stones

Ruby-suppresses excess of wind,bile and phlegm in the body.They give relief in and cure tuberculosis,colic pain,eye diseases,leprosy.

Pearl-It is beneficial in diseases caused by deficiency of calcium in the body.

Coral-Coral bhasma is effective and curative medicine for coughs,fever and jaundice.

White Sapphire-gives relief in vomiting.

Diamond-Diamond bhasma gives relief and cures TB,insane imaginations,diabetes,anaemia.

Opal-has curative value for fevers.

Amber-gives relief in colics.

Tourmaline-cures jaundice,fever,breathing troubles

Toothpick City

He took 6 years to build a city with toothpicks.
He used 6 million toothpicks and 170 liters of glue.
It can take 6 months to build one building; some of the time standing on ladders. He works at the museum of Science and Technology in Syracuse , New York .

His name is Stan Munro.He is 38 years old. Have a look at his creations.
He has been called the most patient man in the world.

Lucknow Khaas

Time is running out.Post your comment for free Internet on mygov.in,last date 15 August, 2015

 The Indian government is inviting responses to the draft report that the Department of Telecommunications released on the issue of net neutrality.

The responses will help the government to take appropriate decision on the issue as these will also be considered along with the TRAIs suggestions following a consultation process.

 The deadline to submit the comments is 15 August 2015 so citizens have less than 24 hours to make their voice heard.

The process has been moved to a MyGov.in forum, part of the governments governance portal. To submit comments on net neutrality, citizens need to first register on the MyGov.in website, sign-in, go to the net neutrality page and submit their response.

It is emphasized that the views expressed in the report are that of the Committee and not of the Government. Your valuable comments, wide scale consultations, as also the report of the TRAI will help the Government to take appropriate decision on the issue. Through this forum of My Gov, we invite valuable comments and suggestions on the report and recommendations before 15th August, 2015.

Steps :

-Go to mygov.in

-scroll down.Go to bottom of page.You will find Activities written.

-In Activities,there is a  Discuss button.Below discuss button is written 'group centric and national theme'.Click Discuss.

-In the page that appears at the bottom of page is 'Trending'

-Below Trending,1st option is
'Give your Comments or Suggestions on Recommendations of Committee on Net Neutrality'
Click that.

-Click 'login to post comment'.

-give login password.

-Post comment.

Funny Face- Pirate

Guess how it is made????

It is made from word 'oil'

Extraordinary Kettle

Kettle with many mouths

TCP/IP model-Application Layer and other layers and Features TCP/IP

Previous


Application Layer

On top of the transport layer is the application layer.It contains all the higher level protocols. The early ones included virtual terminal (TELNET), FTP,and electronic mail(SMTP),Domain Name System (DNS),NNTP,HTTP.

Host-to-Network Layer
Here the host has to connect to n/w using some protocol so it can send IP packets to it.



Features of TCP/IP

1)File Transfer-FTP,RCP(Remote Copy)

2)Terminal Enuilation-Telnet & rlogin.

3)Transparent distributed file access and sharing-NFS(Network File System)

4)Remote command execution-rsh(remote shell) & rexec(remote execution) programs, users can run programs on remote computers and see the results on their own computer.

5)Remote Printing-unix command lpr provides remote printing services.



Next coming up Comparison of OSI and TCP/IP Reference Models

The Transport Layer(TCP/IP model)

Previous

The layer above the internet layer is the transport layer.It is designed to allow peer entities on source and destination hosts to carry on a conversation just as in OSI transport layer. Two end to end transport protocols have been defined here.
The first one TCP(Transmission Control Protocol) is a reliable connection oriented protocol that allows a byte stream originating on 1 machine to be delivered without error on any other machine on internet.
TCP also handle flow control to make sure a fast server cannot swamp a slow receiver.
The second protocol,UDP,(User Datagram Protocol) is an unreliable,connectionless protocol for applications that do not want TCP's sequencing or flow control and wish to provide their own.It is widely used for one shot,client-server type request-reply queries and applications in which prompt delivery is more important than accurate delivery such as transmitting speech or video.


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